Understanding Karana
Introduction
To understand Karana, you first need to first understand Tithi. Simply put, Karana is half a Tithi. So it is about half a day long. In a Masa, there are 30 Tithi. So there are `30 * 2 = 60` karana.
Stira & Chara Karana
There are two types of Karana - Stira ("Fixed") karana and Chara ("Movable") karana.There are four Stira karana:
- Shakuni
- Chatuspada
- Nagava
- Kistughan
Stira Karana are repeated only once in a masa. So - `1 * 4 = 4` in a masa. There are seven Chara Karana:
- Bava
- Balava
- Kaulava
- Taitila
- Gara
- Vanija
- Visti
Chara Karana are repeated 8 times in a masa. So - `7 * 8 = 56` in a masa. So there are totally 4 stira + 7 chara = 11 Karana. Considering the repeats, we get `4 + (7 * 8) = 60` Karana in a Masa.
Karana & Tithi
The below table shows the mapping of different Karana to Tithi
|Paksha|Lunar Day|Tithi|First Karana|Second Karana|
|Shukla Paksha|1st|Prathama|Kistughan|Bava|
||2nd|Dwitiya|Balava|Kaulava|
||3rd|Tritiya|Taitila|Gara|
||4th|Chaturthi|Vanija|Vishti|
||5th|Panchami|Bava|Balava|
||6th|Shasti|Kaulava|Taitila|
||7th|Saptami|Gara|Vanija|
||8th|Astami|Vishti|Bava|
||9th|Navami|Balava|Kaulava|
||10th|Dashami|Taitila|Gara|
||11th|Ekadashi|Vanija|Vishti|
||12th|Dwadashi|Bava|Balava|
||13th|Trayodashi|Kaulava|Taitila|
||14th|Chaturdashi|Gara|Vanija|
||15th|Purnima|Vishti|Bava|
|Krishna Paksha|16th|Prathama|Balava|Kaulava|
||17th|Dwitiya|Taitila|Gara|
||18th|Tritiya|Vanija|Vishti|
||19th|Chaturthi|Bava|Balava|
||20th|Panchami|Kaulava|Taitila|
||21st|Shasti|Gara|Vanija|
||22nd|Saptami|Vishti|Bava|
||23rd|Astami|Balava|Kaulava|
||24th|Navami|Taitila|Gara|
||25th|Dashami|Vanija|Vishti|
||26th|Ekadashi|Bava|Balava|
||27th|Dwadashi|Kaulava|Taitila|
||28th|Trayodashi|Gara|Vanija|
||29th|Chaturdashi|Vishti|Shakuni|
||30th|Amayasya|Chatuspada|Naga|
